مراجعة ليلة الامتحان
الوحدات 1 — 6
منهج اللغة الإنجليزية للعام الدراسي 2025-2026
Egypt-Africa Cooperation
| الكلمة (Word) | المرادف (Synonym) | المضاد (Antonym) |
|---|---|---|
| Gateway (بوابة) | entrance, access, portal | barrier, obstruction, impediment |
| Partnerships (شراكات) | alliances, collaborations | rivalries, conflicts, divisions |
| Forum (منتدى) | assembly, conference, meeting | isolation, silence, exclusion |
| Persuasive (مقنع) | convincing, compelling, influential | unconvincing, weak, feeble |
| Solidarity (تضامن) | unity, cohesion, consensus | disunity, division, discord |
| Unity (وحدة) | harmony, agreement, cohesion | disunity, division, separation |
| Infrastructure (بنية تحتية) | foundation, framework, system | neglect, decay, disrepair |
| Manufactured (مصنوع) | produced, fabricated, made | natural, raw, unprocessed |
| Mutual (متبادل) | reciprocal, shared, joint | unilateral, one-sided |
| Integration (تكامل) | unification, merging, blending | separation, segregation, fragmentation |
| Hybrid (هجين) | mixed, composite, blended | pure, original, unmixed |
| Expanding (متوسع) | growing, enlarging, extending | contracting, shrinking, decreasing |
| Rural (ريفي) | countryside, agrarian, pastoral | urban, city |
| Stable (مستقر) | steady, constant, firm | unstable, fluctuating, volatile |
| Funding (تمويل) | financing, sponsorship, backing | defunding, withdrawal of support |
| Affordable (ميسور التكلفة) | cheap, inexpensive, economical | expensive, costly, premium |
| Boosted (عزز) | increased, improved, strengthened | decreased, weakened, reduced |
المضارع المستمر — Present Continuous
المبني للمعلوم: subject + am/is/are + verb + -ing
نحن نعمل على مشروع جديد الآن.
المبني للمجهول: am / is / are + being + past participle
يتم إطلاق مشاريع جديدة في جميع أنحاء أفريقيا.
Startups & Young Entrepreneurs
| الكلمة (Word) | المرادف (Synonym) | المضاد (Antonym) |
|---|---|---|
| Entrepreneurs (رواد الأعمال) | businesspeople, innovators, founders | employees, dependents, followers |
| Resilience (مرونة) | fortitude, adaptability, toughness | fragility, weakness, vulnerability |
| Problem-solving (حل المشكلات) | troubleshooting, resolution, analysis | avoidance, neglect, confusion |
| Self-discipline (انضباط ذاتي) | self-control, restraint, willpower | indulgence, impulsiveness |
| Perseverance (إصرار) | persistence, determination, tenacity | quitting, giving up, surrender |
| Ambition (طموح) | aspiration, drive, zeal | apathy, indifference, complacency |
| Institutions (مؤسسات) | organizations, establishments, bodies | anarchy, informal groups, absence |
| Inspire (إلهام) | motivate, encourage, stir | discourage, depress, deter |
| Independence (استقلال) | autonomy, self-reliance, freedom | dependence, reliance, subservience |
| Founder (مؤسس) | originator, creator, initiator | follower, imitator, successor |
| Evolve (تطور) | develop, grow, progress | regress, stagnate, decline |
| Mobilization (تعبئة) | rallying, deployment, organization | inaction, demobilization, passivity |
| Commitment (التزام) | dedication, devotion, pledge | disinterest, apathy, negligence |
| Capital (رأس المال) | funds, assets, resources | debt, deficiency, insolvency |
| Competition (منافسة) | rivalry, contest, challenge | cooperation, collaboration, monopoly |
| Inventory (مخزون) | stock, merchandise, supply | shortage, depletion, emptiness |
| Tutoring (تدريس خاص) | coaching, instruction, guidance | neglect, abandonment, ignorance |
| Assist (مساعدة) | help, aid, support | hinder, obstruct, impede |
| Pitching (عرض) | presenting, proposing, advocating | rejecting, ignoring, dismissing |
| Rental (إيجار) | lease, hire, charter | ownership, purchase, possession |
| Investment (استثمار) | funding, capital, stake | withdrawal, divestment |
| Boost (تعزيز) | increase, enhance, promote | decrease, undermine, diminish |
| Notable (بارز) | remarkable, prominent, significant | insignificant, obscure, unremarkable |
| Organic (عضوي) | natural, ecological, chemical-free | synthetic, artificial, conventional |
| Heritage (تراث) | legacy, tradition, inheritance | future, modernity |
| Pesticides (مبيدات) | insecticides, herbicides, chemicals | natural solutions, organic controls |
| Flax (كتان) | linen (fabric), fiber | synthetic fibers, polyester |
| Affordable (ميسور التكلفة) | cheap, inexpensive, economical | expensive, costly, premium |
الماضي التام — Past Perfect
المبني للمعلوم: had + past participle
كنت قد قمت بالتسوق قبل أن أعود إلى المنزل.
المبني للمجهول: had been + past participle
كانت التقارير قد تمت مراجعتها جيداً قبل إرسالها إلى المدير.
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
| الكلمة (Word) | المرادف (Synonym) | المضاد (Antonym) |
|---|---|---|
| Sustainable (مستدام) | enduring, long-lasting, viable | unsustainable, temporary, fleeting |
| Development (تنمية) | progress, advancement, evolution | decline, regression, stagnation |
| Vision (رؤية) | foresight, outlook, aim | short-sightedness, myopia, blindness |
| Comprehensive (شامل) | exhaustive, all-encompassing, extensive | partial, limited, narrow |
| Prosperity (ازدهار) | affluence, well-being, success | poverty, hardship, decline |
| Participation (مشاركة) | involvement, engagement, contribution | exclusion, disengagement, apathy |
| Pillars (أعمدة) | foundations, supports, cornerstones | weaknesses, gaps, fragility |
| Inclusive (شامل) | all-embracing, broad, extensive | exclusive, restricted, limited |
| Opportunities (فرص) | chances, prospects, possibilities | obstacles, barriers, limitations |
| Healthcare (الرعاية الصحية) | medical care, health services | neglect, abandonment, lack of care |
| Affordable (ميسور التكلفة) | inexpensive, economical, cheap | expensive, costly, unaffordable |
| Universal (عالمي) | global, widespread, comprehensive | limited, partial, restricted |
| Chronic disease (مرض مزمن) | long-term illness | acute illness, temporary condition |
| Screening (فحص) | check-up, examination, test | ignorance, neglect, avoidance |
| Initiative (مبادرة) | project, program, undertaking | conclusion, termination, inaction |
| Cornerstone (حجر الأساس) | foundation, basis, bedrock | triviality, superficiality, irrelevance |
| Competitive (تنافسي) | rivalrous, vying, cutthroat | uncompetitive, cooperative, passive |
| Enhance (تعزيز) | improve, strengthen, boost | diminish, weaken, degrade |
| Creativity (إبداع) | inventiveness, originality, imagination | unoriginality, conformity, repetition |
| Critical thinking (التفكير النقدي) | analytical thought, evaluation | uncritical thinking, credulity, gullibility |
| Innovation (ابتكار) | novelty, ingenuity, invention | tradition, imitation, stagnation |
| Human capital (رأس المال البشري) | workforce, talent pool | unskilled labor, underutilized potential |
| Leadership (قيادة) | guidance, direction, management | followership, subordination, passivity |
| Prosperous (مزدهر) | thriving, flourishing, successful | declining, failing, impoverished |
الصفات والظروف — Adjectives & Adverbs
الصفات (Adjectives): تصف الأسماء وتجيب على: أي نوع؟ أي واحد؟ كم العدد؟
It was a unique personality.كانت شخصية فريدة.
الظروف (Adverbs): تصف الأفعال أو الصفات وتجيب على: كيف؟ متى؟ أين؟ إلى أي مدى؟
He speaks clearly.هو يتحدث بوضوح.
Natural Disasters
| الكلمة (Word) | المرادف (Synonym) | المضاد (Antonym) |
|---|---|---|
| Prediction (تنبؤ) | forecast, anticipation, prognostication | certainty, knowledge, fact |
| Accuracy (دقة) | precision, exactness, correctness | inaccuracy, imprecision, error |
| Humidity (رطوبة) | moisture, dampness | dryness, aridity |
| Intensity (شدة) | strength, force, severity | weakness, mildness, gentleness |
| Unpredictable (غير قابل للتنبؤ) | unforeseen, erratic, uncertain | predictable, foreseeable, certain |
| Drills (تمارين تدريبية) | exercises, practices, rehearsals | neglect, inaction, avoidance |
| Adaptation (تكيف) | adjustment, modification, change | inflexibility, rigidity, resistance |
| Preparedness (الاستعداد) | readiness, foresight, anticipation | unpreparedness, negligence, complacency |
| Supplies (لوازم) | provisions, stores, stock | shortage, scarcity, depletion |
| Perishable (قابل للتلف) | degradable, spoilable, ephemeral | non-perishable, durable, long-lasting |
| Waterproof (مقاوم للماء) | water-resistant, sealed, impermeable | permeable, leaky, porous |
| Strike (ضرب / حدوث) | hit, occur, happen | avoidance, prevention, escape |
| Blocked (مسدود) | obstructed, closed, jammed | open, clear, unblocked |
| Evacuated (إخلاء) | moved out, relocated, cleared | occupied, settled, retained |
| Trapped (محاصر) | caught, confined, ensnared | free, released, liberated |
| In advance (مسبقًا) | beforehand, ahead of time, previously | afterward, late, belatedly |
| Damage (ضرر) | harm, destruction, impairment | repair, benefit, improvement, restoration |
صفات المقارنة والتفضيل — Comparatives & Superlatives
صفات المقارنة: تقارن شيئين — -er / more + than أو أشكال غير منتظمة مثل better / worse
الزلازل أقل قابلية للتنبؤ بها من الأعاصير.
صفات التفضيل: الدرجة الأعلى بين ثلاثة أو أكثر — the + -est / the most
الجهوزية والتخطيط هما أقوى دفاعاتنا.
Media Manipulation
| الكلمة (Word) | المرادف (Synonym) | المضاد (Antonym) |
|---|---|---|
| Misinformation (معلومات مضللة) | false information, disinformation | accurate information, truth, facts |
| Distinguish (يميز) | differentiate, discern, tell apart | confuse, mix up, conflate |
| Sensational (مثير) | shocking, scandalous, dramatic | understated, ordinary, factual |
| Trigger (يثير) | activate, initiate, provoke | calm, suppress, pacify |
| Misleading (مضلل) | deceptive, delusive, false | truthful, honest, straightforward |
| Algorithms (خوارزميات) | procedures, formulas, protocols | randomness, chaos, intuition |
| Suspicious (مشبوه) | dubious, questionable, doubtful | trustworthy, credible, reliable |
| Regulation (تنظيم) | control, rule, directive | deregulation, freedom, lack of oversight |
| Removal (إزالة) | deletion, elimination, expulsion | addition, inclusion, retention |
| Restriction (تقييد) | limitation, constraint, curb | freedom, allowance, permission |
| Verify (يتحقق) | confirm, authenticate, validate | falsify, disprove, discredit |
| Deception (خداع) | trickery, fraud, dishonesty | honesty, truth, sincerity |
| Transparency (شفافية) | openness, clarity, candidness | opacity, secrecy, concealment |
| Censorship (رقابة) | suppression, editing, control | openness, freedom of speech |
| Subtle (خفي) | delicate, understated, indirect | obvious, direct, blatant |
| Manipulation (تلاعب) | exploitation, control, influence | honesty, sincerity, transparency |
| Tactic (تكتيك) | strategy, method, approach | chaos, randomness, accident |
| Trending (رائج) | popular, in vogue, current | obsolete, forgotten, outdated |
| Reinforcing (يعزز) | strengthening, supporting, consolidating | weakening, undermining, eroding |
| Evidence (دليل) | proof, data, corroboration | denial, conjecture, speculation |
| Persuade (يقنع) | convince, sway, influence | dissuade, deter, discourage |
| Transparency (شفافية) | openness, clarity | opacity, secrecy |
| Mindfulness (اليقظة) | awareness, attentiveness, consciousness | heedlessness, inattention, distraction |
الأسئلة المذيلة — Tag Questions
جمل قصيرة في نهاية الجملة تحولها إلى سؤال. جملة مثبتة → سؤال منفي؛ وجملة منفية → سؤال مثبت.
You checked the source, didn't you?لقد تحققت من المصدر، أليس كذلك؟
That headline isn't misleading, is it?هذا العنوان ليس مضللاً، أليس كذلك؟
Soft Skills vs. Hard Skills
| الكلمة (Word) | المرادف (Synonym) | المضاد (Antonym) |
|---|---|---|
| Soft skills (مهارات ناعمة) | interpersonal skills, people skills | hard skills, technical skills |
| Communication (التواصل) | interaction, dialogue, expression | isolation, silence, non-communication |
| Teamwork (العمل الجماعي) | collaboration, cooperation, group effort | individualism, solo effort, competition |
| Time management (إدارة الوقت) | organization, scheduling, planning | disorganization, inefficiency, procrastination |
| Leadership (القيادة) | guidance, direction, management | followership, subordination, passivity |
| Attitude (الموقف) | demeanor, outlook, approach | negativity, hostility, apathy |
| Emotional intelligence (الذكاء العاطفي) | emotional awareness, empathy | emotional unawareness, insensitivity |
| Collaborate (يتعاون) | cooperate, work together, partner | compete, oppose, resist |
| Adapt (يتكيّف) | adjust, conform, modify | resist, be rigid, refuse to change |
| Reliable (موثوق) | dependable, trustworthy, consistent | unreliable, untrustworthy, erratic |
| Hard skills (مهارات صعبة) | technical skills, vocational skills | soft skills, interpersonal skills |
| Measurable (قابل للقياس) | quantifiable, assessable, evaluable | immeasurable, unquantifiable, subjective |
| Creative (إبداعي) | innovative, inventive, imaginative | uncreative, imitative, uninspired |
| Flexible (مرن) | adaptable, versatile, pliant | rigid, inflexible, unyielding |
| Organized (منظم) | systematic, structured, orderly | disorganized, chaotic, messy |
| Ambitious (طموح) | aspiring, driven, determined | apathetic, complacent, unmotivated |
| Essential (أساسي) | crucial, indispensable, fundamental | inessential, superfluous, trivial |
| Resilient (مرن نفسيًا) | tough, strong, quick-recovering | fragile, vulnerable, weak |
| Vital (حيوي) | critical, paramount, key | unimportant, minor, secondary |
| Expertise (خبرة) | proficiency, mastery, skill | incompetence, ignorance, ineptitude |
الجمل الوصلية — Relative Clauses
المُعرِّفة (Defining): معلومات ضرورية — تستخدم who / which / that — لا تُحاط بفواصل.
هي المبرمجة التي كتبت الكود المثالي.
غير المُعرِّفة (Non-defining): معلومات إضافية — تُحاط بفواصل — لا يُستخدم that
مديري، وهو ذو خبرة كبيرة، أعطاني بعض النصائح.
حول العالم في ثمانين يوماً — الفصول 1-6
| الكلمة (Word) | المرادف (Synonym) | المضاد (Antonym) |
|---|---|---|
| Punctuality (دقة المواعيد) | promptness, timeliness | lateness, tardiness |
| Discipline (انضباط) | self-control, regimen | indiscipline, laxity |
| Precision (دقة) | accuracy, exactness | inaccuracy, vagueness |
| Mysterious (غامض) | enigmatic, perplexing | open, clear, obvious |
| Strict (صارم) | rigorous, stern | lenient, permissive |
| Eccentric (غريب الأطوار) | quirky, unconventional | conventional, normal |
| Venture (مغامرة) | undertaking, enterprise | safety, caution |
| Challenge (تحدي) | dare, gauntlet | ease, simplicity |
| Timetable (جدول زمني) | schedule, agenda | chaos, lack of plan |
| Determination (عزيمة) | resolution, perseverance | weakness, surrender |
| Journey (رحلة) | voyage, expedition | stay, inaction |
| Disembark (ينزل) | alight, land | embark, board |
| Bazaar (سوق) | market, souk | empty lot, deserted place |
| Warrant (تصريح) | authorization, permit | prohibition, denial |
| Unconscious (غير واعٍ) | insensate, comatose | conscious, awake |
| Rescue (إنقاذ) | save, deliver | abandon, neglect |
| Loyal (وفي) | faithful, devoted | disloyal, treacherous |
| Awe (رهبة) | wonder, reverence | indifference, scorn |
| Haste (عجلة) | speed, urgency | slowness, leisure |
| Halt (توقف) | stop, pause | continuation, progress |
| Dense (كثيف) | thick, compact | thin, sparse |
| Hesitation (تردد) | reluctance, wavering | certainty, decisiveness |
| Grateful (شاكر) | thankful, appreciative | ungrateful, thankless |
| Hardship (مشقة) | adversity, difficulty | ease, comfort |
| Madness (جنون) | insanity, folly | sanity, reason |
| Impossible (مستحيل) | unachievable, impracticable | possible, achievable |
| Astonishment (دهشة) | amazement, surprise | expectation, familiarity |
| Excitement (إثارة) | thrill, exhilaration | calmness, boredom |
| Encounter (مواجهة) | meeting, confrontation | avoidance, evasion |
| Dramatic (درامي) | exciting, sensational | mundane, dull |