Home Tests Comprehensive Summary About Us Contact Us
Third Year Secondary

Unit 4 Summary
Marine Life

A comprehensive summary of vocabulary, grammar, and language use — everything you need in one place.

Key & Important Vocabulary Compound Adjectives Language Use
1. Key Vocabulary (الكلمات الرئيسية)
WordMeaning
awe-inspiring (adj)مثير للإعجاب
bleach(ed) (v)يبهت / يفقد لونه
breathtaking (adj)يخطف الأنفاس
coordinated (adj)منسق — متناغم
dedicated (adj)مخلص
detect(ed) (v)يكتشف
disrupt(ed) (v)يشوش على / يقطع
diverse (adj)متنوع
entangled (adj)متشابك / عالق
erosion (n)التآكل
figuratively (adv)مجازيًّا
fragile (adj)هش / ضعيف
glowing (adj)متوهج — براق
glow-producing (adj)منتج للضوء
hatch(ed) (v)يفقس
haunting (adj)مؤثر (صعب النسيان)
hazardous (adj)خطير
in deep water (idiom)في ورطة
literally (adv)حرفيًّا
magnificent (adj)رائعة
mind-blowing (adj)مدهش — مذهل
non-invasive (adj)سطحي / ظاهري
pose(d) (v)يشكّل — يمثّل — يفرض
struggle(d) (n/v)كفاح / نضال — يكافح
thrive(d) (v)يزدهر
turn a blind eye (idiom)يتجاهل
underestimate(d) (v)يستهين بـ — يبخس قدر
vivid (adj)زاهية الألوان
2. Important Vocabulary (مفردات هامة)
WordMeaning
accidentally (adv)عن طريق الخطأ
act(ed) (v)يتصرف
admire(d) (v)يعجب بـ / يقدر
afford(ed) (v)يستطيع تحمل
alive (adj)حيّ
attract(ed) (v)يجذب
awareness (n)الوعي
ban(ned) (v)يحظر
beneath (prep)تحت
biologist (n)عالم أحياء
brilliant (adj)رائع / متألق
brightly-colored (adj)زاهي الألوان
cheerful (adj)بشوش / فرح
colorful (adj)ملون
conditions (n)ظروف
conservation (n)الحفاظ على
contrast(ed) (n/v)النقيض / يناقض
coral reef (n)الشعاب المرجانية
coral polyps (n)زوائد مرجانية
creature (n)مخلوق / كائن
crystal-clear (adj)صاف كالبلور — واضح
damage(d) (n/v)ضرر / يتلف / يدمر
dangers (n)مخاطر
destination (n)وجهة / مقصد
destructive (adj)مدمر
disturbance (n)إزعاج
drone (n)طائرة بدون طيار
eco-friendly (adj)صديق للبيئة
ecosystem (n)النظام البيئي
ensure(d) (v)يضمن
essential (adj)ضروري
fictional (adj)خيالي
frightened (adj)خائف جدًا / مرعوب
giant (n)عملاق
graceful (adj)رشيق
habitat (n)مواطن
journey (n)رحلة
known for (adj)معروف بـ
known as (adj)معروف كـ
leap — leapt (v/n)يقفز / قفزة
legend (n)أسطورة
lifeless (adj)بلا حياة
long-distance (adj)بعيد المسافة
long-term (adj)طويل الأمد
marine (adj)بحري
massive (adj)ضخم
memorable (adj)لا يُنسى — عالق بالذهن
migratory (adj)خاص بالهجرة
organ (n)عضو
overfishing (n)الصيد الجائر
powerful (adj)قوي / ذو نفوذ
prey (n)فريسة
rainforests (n)غابات مطيرة
recover(ed) (v)يتعافى — يستفيق
reliable (adj)يعتمد عليه — موثوق
reputation (n)سمعة
role (n)دور
sense (n)حاسة
slow-moving (adj)بطيء الحركة
social (adj)اجتماعي
sonar (n)السونار
species (n)أنواع
survival (n)البقاء
thermal (adj)حراري
threat (n)تهديد
tiny (adj)صغير جدًا
tirelessly (adv)بلا كلل
track(ed) (v)يتعقب
turtles (n)سلاحف
variety (n)تشكيلة — تنوع — تعددية
vital (adj)حيوي
widespread (adj)واسع الانتشار
wise (adj)حكيم
3. Definitions (تعريفات)
TermDefinition
awe-inspiring (adj)Causing a strong feeling of respect, admiration, or wonder.
bleach(ed) (v)To lose color and become pale or white, often due to damage.
breathtaking (adj)Extremely beautiful or amazing; stunning.
coordinated (adj)Arranged or organized so that all parts work together effectively.
dedicated (adj)Giving a lot of time and effort to something because you care about it.
detect(ed) (v)To discover or notice something, especially something not easy to see, hear, or smell.
disrupt(ed) (v)To interrupt or break up something, causing disorder.
diverse (adj)Very different or varied; showing a wide range.
entangled (adj)Twisted or scrambled together in a complicated way.
erosion (n)The gradual wearing away of land, often by water or wind.
figuratively (adv)In a way that uses words with a meaning different from their literal meaning.
fragile (adj)Easily broken or damaged; delicate.
glowing (adj)Shining with a steady light; showing strong positive feeling.
hatch(ed) (v)To come out from an egg; to break out from an egg.
haunting (adj)Something that stays in your mind, often in a sad or memorable way.
hazardous (adj)Dangerous or risky.
in deep water (idiom)In serious trouble or difficulty.(في ورطة / مأزق)
literally (adv)Actually true and exactly as stated; without exaggeration or metaphor.
magnificent (adj)Very impressive, beautiful, or splendid.
mind-blowing (adj)Extremely impressive, exciting, or shocking.
non-invasive (adj)Not entering the body; does not involve cuts or instruments going inside.
pose(d) (v)To present or create (a danger, threat, or challenge).
struggle(d) (v)To try very hard to do something difficult.
thrive(d) (v)To grow, develop, or be successful.
turn a blind eye (idiom)To deliberately ignore something that should be noticed or dealt with.(يتجاهل عن قصد)
underestimate(d) (v)To think something is less important or smaller than it really is.
vivid (adj)Very bright, strong, and clear in color.
4. Derivatives (مشتقات الكلمات)
WordDerivatives
bleachbleach (v): يبهت  |  bleached (adj): باهت  |  bleaching (n): تبييض  |  bleachable (adj): قابل للتبييض
breathtakingbreathtaking (adj): يخطف الأنفاس  |  breathtakingly (adv): بشكل يخطف الأنفاس
dedicateddedicate (v): يُكرّس  |  dedicated (adj): مخلص  |  dedication (n): إخلاص / تفاني
disruptdisrupt (v): يشوّش  |  disruption (n): تشويش  |  disruptive (adj): مُشوّش / مزعج
diversediverse (adj): متنوع  |  diversify (v): يُنوّع  |  diversity (n): تنوع
entangleentangle (v): يُشابك  |  entangled (adj): متشابك  |  entanglement (n): تشابك
erosionerode (v): يسبب تأكلاً  |  eroded (adj): متآكل  |  erosion (n): التآكل
fragilefragile (adj): هش  |  fragility (n): الهشاشة
hauntinghaunt (v): يطارد ذهنيًا  |  haunting (adj): مؤثر
hazardoushazard (n): خطر  |  hazardous (adj): خطير
magnificentmagnificence (n): روعة  |  magnificent (adj): رائع
awe-inspiringawe (n): إعجاب ممزوج بالمهابة  |  inspire (v): يُلهم  |  inspiration (n): إلهام
coordinatecoordinate (v): يُنسّق  |  coordinated (adj): مُنسّق  |  coordination (n): تنسيق
detectdetect (v): يكتشف  |  detection (n): اكتشاف  |  detectable (adj): قابل للاكتشاف
glowglow (v): يتوهج  |  glow (n): توهج  |  glowing (adj): متوهج
hatchhatch (v): يفقس  |  hatching (n): فقس  |  hatchery (n): مفرخة
thrivethrive (v): يزدهر  |  thriving (adj): مزدهر
underestimateunderestimate (v): يستهين بـ  |  underestimation (n): استهانة
vividvivid (adj): زاهي / واضح  |  vividly (adv): بشكل واضح
5. Collocations & Expressions (متلازمات وتعبيرات)
ExpressionMeaning
a colourful underwater cityمدينة ملونة تحت الماء
a matter of timeمسألة وقت
a stitch in time saves nineالوقاية خير من العلاج
a thing of the pastشيء من الماضي
as the saying goesكما يقول المثل
attract preyيجذب الفريسة
ban harmful practices / sonarيحظر الممارسات / السونار الضار
before it's too lateقبل فوات الأوان
call for actionيدعو إلى العمل
cause damage / coral bleachingيسبب ضررًا / بياض الشعاب المرجانية
create awareness aboutينشر الوعي بشأن
disrupt communicationيشوّش على التواصل
educate communitiesيُثقّف المجتمعات
every little action makes a differenceكل تصرف صغير يحدث فرقًا
face a hard-to-survive journeyيواجه رحلة صعبة النجاة
face threatsيواجه تهديدات
find oneself in deep waterيجد نفسه في مأزق
in contrastعلى النقيض
leap through the wavesيقفز عبر الأمواج
play a role inيلعب دورًا في
pose a threatيشكل خطرًا
preserve biodiversityيحافظ على التنوع الحيوي
promote eco-friendly tourismيُروّج للسياحة الصديقة للبيئة
protect for future generationsيحمي للأجيال القادمة
restore habitatsيُرمّم المواطن الطبيعية
turn a blind eyeيغض الطرف / يتجاهل
underestimate the valueيقلل من قيمة
6. Verb + Preposition (فعل + حرف جر)
Verb + PrepMeaning
deal withيتعامل مع
engage inيشارك في
focus onيركز على
look afterيرعى — يعتني بـ
pass onينقل
protect fromيحمي من
result inيؤدي إلى
7. Synonyms (مترادفات)
WordSynonyms
bleachwhiten, fade, discolor
breathtaking / awe-inspiringstunning, spectacular, amazing, extraordinary
coordinatedorganized, arranged, systematic, unified
dedicatedcommitted, devoted, loyal
detectdiscover, notice, observe, identify
disruptinterrupt, disturb, interfere with
diversevaried, different, assorted
entangledtwisted, tangled, caught
erosionwearing away, deterioration
fragiledelicate, weak, breakable
glowingradiant, shining, luminous, brilliant
hauntingunforgettable, touching
hazardousdangerous, risky, unsafe
in deep waterin trouble, in difficulty, in danger
magnificentglorious, splendid, grand
mind-blowingastonishing, amazing, incredible, phenomenal
non-invasiveexternal, surface-level, non-intrusive
posepresent, create
strugglefight, battle, effort
thriveprosper, flourish, succeed
turn a blind eyeignore, overlook, disregard
underestimateundervalue, underrate, belittle
vividbright, intense, brilliant
8. Antonyms (متضادات)
WordAntonyms
bleachdarken, stain, dye
breathtaking / awe-inspiringdull, ordinary, unimpressive
coordinateddisorganized, chaotic, messy
dedicateduncommitted, indifferent, careless
detectmiss, overlook, ignore
diversesimilar, identical
entangledfree, clear, untangled
erosionbuildup, strengthening, growth
figurativelyliterally, factually, exactly
fragilestrong, sturdy, durable
glowingdull, dim, faded
hauntingforgettable, unimpressive
hazardoussafe, secure, harmless
in deep watersafe, secure, protected
magnificentawful, poor, unimpressive
mind-blowingboring, dull, tedious, ordinary
non-invasiveinvasive, penetrating, intrusive
strugglerest, ease, relax
thrivefail, decline, wither
turn a blind eyenotice, observe, pay attention
underestimateoverestimate, exaggerate, overvalue
vividpale, faint, dull

Compound Adjectives (الصفات المركبة)
1. Starting with Numbers (تبدأ بالأرقام)
  • Number + Noun + ed:a twelve-year-old child
  • Number + Noun:a ten-day trip
  • Number + Plural Noun's (after verb 'be' or as adverb):two hours' drive
2. Starting with Adjectives (تبدأ بالصفات)
  • Adjective + Past Participle:absent-minded  |  green-eyed  |  strong-willed
  • Adjective + Present Participle (-ing):good-looking  |  long-lasting  |  easy-going
  • Adjective + Noun:last-minute  |  full-length  |  second-hand
3. Starting with Adverbs (تبدأ بالظروف)
  • Adverb + Past Participle:brightly-lit  |  well-balanced  |  well-known
  • Adverb + Present Participle (-ing):never-ending  |  forward-thinking  |  ever-lasting
4. Starting with Nouns (تبدأ بالأسماء)
  • Noun + Past Participle:sun-baked  |  heart-broken
  • Noun + Present Participle (-ing):record-breaking  |  mouth-watering  |  time-saving
  • Noun + Adjective:ice-cold  |  brand-new  |  world-famous
  • Noun + Noun:egg-box  |  hair-cream  |  teapot
⚠️ Important Notes (ملاحظات هامة)
  • A hyphen (-) is used when the compound adjective comes before the noun it describes.
  • If no noun follows the compound adjective, no hyphen is used.As a footballer, Mohammed Salah is well known.
  • No hyphen after the adverb very.
  • For time expressions with a number: use ('s) for singular and (s') for plural.in a week's time  |  in two weeks' time
  • Some compound adjectives have comparative/superlative forms.good-looking → better-looking → best-looking
Quick Reference Table
TypeStructureExample
NumbersNumber + Noun + edtwelve-year-old
Adjective startAdj + Past Participleabsent-minded
Adjective startAdj + Present Participlegood-looking
Adjective startAdj + Nounlast-minute
Adverb startAdv + Past Participlewell-known
Adverb startAdv + Present Participlenever-ending
Noun startNoun + Past Participlesun-baked
Noun startNoun + Present Participlerecord-breaking
Noun startNoun + Adjectiveice-cold
Noun startNoun + Nounteapot